可生物降解材料（liào）的（de）膜性作用

The performance of degradable membrane is optimized to improve the performance of degradable membrane. In the process of membrane preparation, it is usually necessary to modify the raw materials. At present, there are three main methods to optimize the performance of degradable membrane:

1、物理法 包括超聲改性、高壓改性（xìng）和共混改性等。 超聲改（gǎi）性（xìng）：通過超聲波的機械力（lì）、空化作用和熱效應改變可降解膜（mó）化學鍵結構使膜的物理、化學性質發生變化。 高壓改性：通過高壓的機（jī）械力使膜（mó）結構密實度變化，改（gǎi）變了膜的（de）形貌、空（kōng）間結構，從而引起孔（kǒng）徑、力學（xué）性能等變化。 共混改性：加入不同組（zǔ）分共混，通過不同組（zǔ）分功（gōng）能基團間的分（fèn）子間氫鍵（jiàn）、離子鍵以及分子鏈纏結（jié）等作用，使膜功能性、力學性能、穩定性等改變（biàn）。

1. Physical methods include ultrasonic modification, high-pressure modification and blending modification. Ultrasonic modification: the physical and chemical properties of the degradable membrane are changed by changing the chemical bond structure of the degradable membrane through the mechanical force, cavitation and thermal effect of ultrasonic. High pressure modification: the mechanical force of high pressure changes the compactness of the membrane structure, changes the morphology and spatial structure of the membrane, resulting in changes in pore size and mechanical properties. Blending modification: adding different components to blend, through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and molecular chain entanglement between functional groups of different components, the membrane functionality, mechanical properties, stability and other changes.

2、化學（xué）法 包括酸/堿（jiǎn）改（gǎi）性、接枝改性和交（jiāo）聯改性等。 酸改性：在膜製備過程中（zhōng）加入（rù）酸，經酸化影響成膜（mó）組分的（de）官能團、鍵能和化（huà）學鍵結構，改變膜的化學性質，影響其性能。 堿改（gǎi）性：在膜製備過程中加入（rù）堿，成膜組分發生水（shuǐ）解、醚（mí）化（huà）等反應導致膜中官能（néng）團（tuán）和聚合物鏈的連接改變（biàn），使膜性能（néng）發生變化。 接枝（zhī）改性：通過不同（tóng）聚（jù）合（hé）物間接枝共聚（jù）反應改變單一聚（jù）合物官能團類型、鍵能（néng）、聚（jù）合物鏈的空間結構（gòu）等，進而影響膜功能性、結晶度、透氣性、力學性能等。 交（jiāo）聯改性：通過加入交聯劑使官能團之間發（fā）生（shēng）交聯反應，原來的線型或輕度支鏈型大分子形成三維網狀結（jié）構（gòu），束縛分子鏈的運動，導致膜微觀結構、功能基團改變。

2. Chemical methods include acid/alkali modification, grafting modification and crosslinking modification. Acid modification: acid is added in the process of membrane preparation. After acidification, the functional group, bond energy and chemical bond structure of the film-forming components are affected, and the chemical properties of the membrane are changed, affecting its performance. Alkali modification: alkali is added in the process of membrane preparation, and the hydrolysis, etherification and other reactions of film-forming components lead to changes in the connection of functional groups and polymer chains in the membrane, which changes the performance of the membrane. Graft modification: through the indirect branch copolymerization of different polymers, the functional group type, bond energy, and the spatial structure of the polymer chain of a single polymer can be changed, thus affecting the membrane functionality, crystallinity, permeability, mechanical properties, etc. Crosslinking modification: cross-linking reaction between functional groups occurs by adding cross-linking agent, and the original linear or slightly branched macromolecules form three-dimensional network structure, binding the movement of molecular chains, resulting in changes in membrane microstructure and functional groups.

3、生（shēng）物法 主要是以生物酶改性為主。 在生物酶作用下（xià）促進新鍵生成，改變材料分子間鍵能、分子鏈結構、反應強度等，影響膜微觀結構與性能

3. Biological method is mainly based on biological enzyme modification. Promote the formation of new bonds under the action of biological enzymes, change the intermolecular bond energy, molecular chain structure, reaction strength, etc. of materials, and affect the microstructure and performance of membranes

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