澱粉（fěn）顆（kē）粒（lì）質量的SEM觀察相關分（fèn）析

澱粉顆粒由直鏈澱粉和直（zhí）鏈澱粉組成。它廣泛儲（chǔ）存在多種綠色植物的（de）葉、根、芽、果實、穀粒和莖等組織器官中，是（shì）生物圈中含量更豐（fēng）富的碳（tàn）水化合物之一（yī）。在工業上也（yě）有廣闊的應用前景，可用於製（zhì）造葡萄糖、麥芽糖、酒精等工業原料。生活中可製成多種食物，有效補充能量。

Starch granules are composed of amylose and amylose. It is widely stored in the leaves, roots, buds, fruits, grains, stems and other organs of a variety of green plants. It is one of the most abundant carbohydrates in the biosesphere. It also has broad application prospects in industry, and can be used to manufacture industrial raw materials such as glucose, maltose, alcohol, etc. It can be made into a variety of foods in life to effectively supplement energy.

澱粉是一種天然多糖化合物，以顆（kē）粒形式廣泛存在於（yú）植物（wù）的果（guǒ）實（shí）、根、莖和（hé）葉中，是人體碳水化合物的主要來源之一。目前，用於澱粉生產的常見作物有玉米、甘薯（shǔ）、馬鈴薯（shǔ）等。通常，澱粉顆粒以細粉顆（kē）粒的狀（zhuàng）態存在，肉（ròu）眼很難（nán）直接區分澱粉（fěn）的種類。

Starch is a natural polysaccharide compound, which widely exists in fruits, roots, stems and leaves of plants in the form of granules. It is one of the main sources of carbohydrates for human body. At present, the common crops used in starch production are corn, sweet potato, potato, etc. Usually, starch particles exist in the state of fine powder particles, and it is difficult to directly distinguish the types of starch with the naked eye.

這時就需（xū）要使用放大鏡進行進一步的鑒別觀察（chá）。常見的（de）觀察方法是使用光學顯微鏡進行（háng）觀察，但由於景深和放大倍率的限製，很難獲得的（de）觀察結果。掃描電子顯微鏡由（yóu）於其（qí）優異的景深和超高倍率，在澱粉行業具有廣泛的應用前景。

At this time, it is necessary to use a magnifying glass for further identification and observation. The common observation method is to use an optical microscope for observation, but due to the limitation of depth of field and magnification, it is difficult to obtain perfect observation results. Scanning electron microscope has a wide application prospect in starch industry because of its excellent depth of field and ultra-high magnification.、

近（jìn）年來，隨著國內澱粉生產加工貿易的發展（zhǎn），不同（tóng）澱粉的差異很大（dà），市場上食用（yòng）澱粉摻假的案例屢見不鮮。由於許（xǔ）多植物中都（dōu）存在澱粉（fěn）粒，澱粉粒的形態也不同，用電鏡檢測澱粉（fěn）粒是一種有（yǒu）效的檢測方法。

In recent years, with the development of domestic starch production, processing and trade, the prices of different starches vary greatly. There are many cases of adulteration of edible starch in the market. Because there are starch granules in many plants, and the morphology of starch granules is also different, it is an effective method to detect starch granules by electron microscope.

甘（gān）薯澱粉顆粒的SEM圖像顯示，粒徑在幾微米到十微米之間，其形（xíng）態特征為球形星形和不規則（zé）形狀。馬鈴薯澱粉顆粒的SEM圖，粒度分布（bù）不（bú）均勻，小顆粒大小約10微米，大（dà）顆粒大小約50微米。玉米澱粉顆粒（lì）的掃描電（diàn）鏡照片（piàn）顯示，粒徑分布比較均勻，粒（lì）徑在10微米左右，顆粒形狀呈多（duō）邊形。

The SEM images of sweet potato starch particles showed that the particle size ranged from a few microns to ten microns, and its morphological characteristics were spherical, star shaped and irregular. The SEM image of potato starch particles shows that the particle size distribution is uneven, the small particle size is about 10 microns, and the large particle size is about 50 microns. The scanning electron microscope photos of corn starch particles showed that the particle size distribution was relatively uniform, the particle size was about 10 microns, and the particle shape was polygonal.

在實際加工過程中，由於生（shēng）產原（yuán）料的不同，條件的不同，運輸（shū）條件的優劣，都會（huì）影響（xiǎng）澱粉製品的質量，從而影響產品在清淡層次上的口感，並影響澱粉製品的口感。下遊產品質量很差。因此，澱粉質（zhì）量的調控顯得尤為重要。

In the actual processing process, the quality of starch products will be affected by different raw materials, conditions and transportation conditions, which will affect the taste of products at the light level and the taste of starch products. The quality of downstream products is very poor. Therefore, the regulation of starch quality is particularly important.

在玉米（mǐ）澱粉顆粒的澱粉檢驗標準中，一（yī）個重要的就是微生物限度的檢測，而微生物（wù）檢測往往需要較長的檢測周期。通過SEM檢（jiǎn）測澱粉顆粒質量通常更有效。澱（diàn）粉顆粒的SEM圖像可以清楚地看（kàn）到澱粉顆粒表麵出現孔狀表麵形態，這是由於澱粉顆粒被微生物分解，另一方麵也直觀地反映了澱粉顆粒的質量。

In the starch inspection standard of corn starch granules, one important thing is the detection of microbial limit, and microbial detection often requires a long detection cycle. It is usually more effective to detect the quality of starch granules by SEM. The SEM images of starch granules can clearly see that there is a porous surface morphology on the surface of starch granules, which is due to the decomposition of starch granules by microorganisms. On the other hand, it also directly reflects the quality of starch granules.

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