不（bú）同溫度下玉米（mǐ）澱粉（fěn）顆粒結構（gòu）的變（biàn）化

澱粉是綠色植物通過光合作用產生的有機物質，可用於長期儲能。 澱粉的結構比傳統聚合物的結構複雜得多。 目前，關於（yú）澱粉（fěn）微觀結構的研（yán）究較少。 澱粉基聚合物的加工涉及多種化學和物理反應，包括水擴散、糊化、熔化和結晶。 一種重要的加（jiā）工方法（fǎ）是澱（diàn）粉的糊化。

Starch is an organic substance produced by green plants through photosynthesis, which can be used for long-term energy storage. The structure of starch is much more complex than that of traditional polymers. At present, there are few studies on the microstructure of starch. The processing of starch based polymers involves a variety of chemical and physical reactions, including water diffusion, gelatinization, melting and crystallization. An important processing method is gelatinization of starch.

隨著溫度升（shēng）高（gāo），玉米澱粉顆粒膨脹直爆裂。 這種現象也發生在玉米澱粉的結晶（jīng）區，隨著溫度的升（shēng）高，結晶區逐漸減（jiǎn）小並消失。 熱（rè）台顯微鏡實驗證實了這一觀察結果。

With the increase of temperature, corn starch granules expanded until bursting. This phenomenon also occurs in the crystallization zone of corn starch. With the increase of temperature, the crystallization zone gradually decreases and disappears. This observation was confirmed by the hot table microscope experiment.

用激光共聚焦顯微鏡（CLSM）觀察玉米澱粉的生長年（nián）輪發現，隨著溫度的升高，玉米（mǐ）澱粉的生長年輪逐漸從（cóng）斷裂，向全粒擴散（sàn）。  GPC 測試有（yǒu）助於（yú）確定不同溫度下玉米澱粉的分子量。 隨著溫度的升高，玉（yù）米澱粉的廣度指數分布逐漸增大，直鏈澱粉和支鏈澱粉（fěn）處於破碎（suì）狀態。

Using laser confocal microscope (CLSM) to observe the growth rings of corn starch, it was found that with the increase of temperature, the growth rings of corn starch gradually broke from the center to the whole grain. GPC test is helpful to determine the molecular weight of corn starch at different temperatures. With the increase of temperature, the breadth index distribution of corn starch gradually increased, and amylose and amylopectin were in a broken state.

與傳統塑料製品相比，玉米澱粉粒狀材料及製品的（de）優勢在於：

Compared with traditional plastic products, corn starch granular materials and products have the following advantages:

性能相（xiàng）近（jìn）：與同類（lèi）傳統塑料製品具有相同（tóng）、相近的性能；

Similar performance: it has the same and similar performance with similar traditional plastic products;

環保：澱粉基生物基塑料（liào）及製品具有節約（yuē）石油資源、減（jiǎn）少二氧化碳排放的優勢； 澱粉基（jī）生物降解塑料及製（zhì）品具有完全可生物降解和可（kě）堆肥的優勢，實現垃圾無害化（huà）處理的（de）優勢；

Environmental protection: starch based bio based plastics and products have the advantages of saving oil resources and reducing carbon dioxide emissions; Starch based biodegradable plastics and products have the advantages of complete biodegradation and composting, and realize the advantages of harmless waste treatment;

不含有害物質：澱粉基（jī）材料及製品（pǐn）不（bú）含增塑劑、雙酚A、重金屬等有毒（dú）有（yǒu）害物質；

No harmful substances: starch based materials and products do not contain plasticizers, bisphenol A, heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances;

生產過程：生產過（guò）程中不排放三廢，不（bú）會對環境造成新的汙染；

Production process: no three wastes are discharged during the production process, which will not cause new pollution to the environment;

成本：澱粉基生物基塑料（liào）材料及製品與普通石油塑（sù）料製品相同，澱粉基全生物降解材料及製品成本約為普通石油塑料的兩倍。

Cost: starch based bio based plastic materials and products are the same as ordinary petroleum plastic products, and the cost of starch based fully biodegradable materials and products is about twice that of ordinary petroleum plastics.

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